学为贵托福培训（托福培训机构哪个好）项目部提供：2018年5月托福阅读机经词汇。

　　为了更好的帮助广大托福考生早日斩托成功，小贵贵精心整理了2018年5月托福阅读机经词汇，方便广大考生备考使用。

　　这是针对2018年5月6日与5月12日这两场考试，这篇文章把比较难、易错的词汇题整理出来，希望各位都要好好看，词汇题是白送的，不能丢分。

　　一 、高频词汇

　　conclude=decide（If you conclude that something is true, you decide that it is true using the facts you know as a basis.）

　　remote

　　大部分同学都会对这个单词意思的认知都是“遥远的，偏远的”，但是ETS却考了另外一个意思“微乎其微的”（If you say that there is a remote possibility or chance that something will happen, you are emphasizing that there is only a very small chance that it will happen.）

　　所以，remote可以与small替换

　　prudent=cautious

　　proximity=nearness

　　vigorous=very active

　　immensely=enormously

　　ferocity=intensity（The ferocity of something is its fierce or violent nature.）

　　antiquated=outdated

　　startle=surprise（If something sudden and unexpected startles you, it surprises and frightens you slightly.）

　　rudimentary=simple

　　stagnant=unmoving（If something such as a business or society is stagnant, there is little activity or change.）

　　tolerate=endure（If you can tolerate something unpleasant or painful, you are able to bear it.）

　　modest=relatively small

　　progressively=increasingly

　　reinforce=strengthen

　　dwellings=homes（A dwelling or a dwelling place is a place where someone lives.）

　　mature=fully developed

　　prevail=dominate

　　subsequent=later

　　suspected=thought it likely

　　constrain=force（If you feel constrained to do something, you feel that you must do it, even though you would prefer not to.）

　　viable=able to survive

　　thoroughly=carefully（Someone who is thorough is always very careful in their work, so that nothing is forgotten.）

　　remarkably=distinctly（Someone or something that is remarkable is unusual or special in a way that makes people notice them and be surprised or impressed.）

　　exclusive=solely

　　二 、原文押题

　　Sometimes open-air Upper Paleolithic sites show spectacular and unexpectedly complex architectural features.

　　The word "spectacular" in the passage Is closest in meaning to

　　A.very important

　　B.highly original

　　C.remarkable

　　D.attractive

　　答案为C（Something that is spectacular is very impressive or dramatic. 所以这个题目不能选A）

　　Animals with gigantic weapons on their heads usually live alone or in small groups. Animals that live in herds usually have small horns.

　　The word "gigantic" in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A.very big

　　B.very dangerous

　　C.powerful

　　D.powerful

　　答案为A

　　Members warned each other of danger, and they fought off predators by joining forces （e.g. by forming a circle with vulnerable backsides to the center and dangerous horns facing the periphery）。

　　The word "vulnerable" in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A.hidden

　　B.defenseless

　　C.harmless

　　D.useless

　　答案为B（Someone who is vulnerable is weak and without protection, with the result that they are easily hurt physically or emotionally.）

　　Cereals and legumes are technically dry fruits （they have a hard dry layer around their seeds）。 Early agriculturalists also experimented with growing succulent fruits like apples, olives, grapes, and melons.

　　The word "technically" in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A.more complex than

　　B.generally understood to be

　　C.often confused with

　　D.scientifically classified as

　　答案为D（If something is technically the case, it is the case according to a strict interpretation of facts, laws, or rules）

　　Most of these were brought into domestication much later than cereals and legumes, and in most cultures they've always been supplementary foods rather than staples.

　　The word "supplementary" in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A.valued

　　B.rare

　　C.seasonal

　　D.extra

　　答案为D

　　There may, however, be another reason why male mammals disperse greater distances than females. The usual rule is that males, not females, fight with one another for access to mates, and, therefore, males that lose such conflicts may find it advantageous to move away from same-sex rivals that they cannot subdue.

　　The word ”subdue” in the passage is closet in meaning to

　　A.remove

　　B.fight

　　C.defeat

　　D.accept

　　答案为C（If soldiers or the police subdue a group of people, they defeat them or bring them under control by using force.）

　　At least 200,000 wooden beams averaging 5 meters long and 20 centimeters in diameter were brought to the canyon from distances between 40 and 100 kilometers away to build a dozen great houses, signifying a huge labor investment and a complex production process. The bulk of construction took place in the eleventh century, but by A.D. 1140 it had ceased abruptly, after which there was a rapid decline in use of the great houses and apparent abandonment of the canyon in the thirteenth century.

　　The word “signifying“ in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A. creating

　　B. indicating

　　C. initiating

　　D. requiring

　　答案为B.

　　For most of our species’ history, we lived in small, widely dispersed, nomadic groups. Our ancestors certainly experienced diseases of various sorts and would have come into contact with new diseases as they migrated to new environments.

　　The word “ dispersed “ in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A.active

　　B.scattered

　　C.varied

　　D.linked

　　答案B

　　This could have resulted in nutritional deficiencies, moreover, the storage of food surpluses attracted new disease carriers such as insects and rats. Trade between settled communities helped spread diseases over large geographic areas, as in the case of the Black Death in Europe. Epidemics, in the sense of diseases that affect a large number of populations at the same time, were essentially nonexistent until the development of agricultural economies.

　　The word “ deficiencies “ in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A.complications

　　B.illnesses

　　C.shortages

　　D.irregularities

　　答案C

　　It was through the mail that readers outside major cities and their environs—and virtually all readers in areas where press censorship was exercised firmly—received their newspapers. One of the most successful newspapers in Europe was a French-language paper （one of the many known as La Gazette） published in Leiden, in the Netherlands, which boasted a wide readership in France and among elites throughout Europe.

　　The word ”exercised” in the passage is closet in meaning to

　　A.criticized

　　B.rejected

　　C.applied

　　D.defended

　　答案C

　　The emergence of political parties further hampered control of the press because political decisions in Parliament now always involved compromise, and many members believed that an active press was useful to that process. British government control of the press was reduced to taxing newspapers, a tactic that drove some papers out of business.

　　The word ”emergence” in the passage is closet in meaning to

　　A.influence

　　B.activity

　　C.rise

　　D.success

　　答案C

　　Another tactic, in France and elsewhere on the continent from the 1630s onward, was for governments to sponsor official newspapers.

　　The word ”tactic” in the passage is closet in meaning to

　　A.strategy

　　B.situation

　　C.requirement

　　D.reason

　　Advances in metal technology just before 2000 B.C.E. resulted in the creation of bronze, a durable alloy （or mixture） of about 90 percent copper and 10 percent tin that provided a sharp cutting edge for weapons.

　　The word "durable" in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A.existing for a long time without significant damage

　　B.difficult to produce

　　C.recently discovered

　　D.extremely useful

　　答案A

　　In Greek and Roman civilization, parks were associated with spirituality, public recreation, and city living. Greek philosophers pondered the meaning of nature and its innermost workings, the relationships between animals and humankind, and how matter related to spirit.

　　The word “pondered” in the passage is the closest in meaning to

　　A.explained

　　B.argued over

　　C.thought about

　　D.Understood

　　答案C（If you ponder something, you think about it carefully.）

　　The spiritual significance of the sacred grove mandated specific preservationist measures. Civil restrictions and environmental codes of practice governed the use of such spaces.

　　The word “mandated” in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A.contributed to

　　B.produced

　　C.limited

　　D.Required

　　答案D（To mandate something means to make it mandatory.）

（本篇文章由托福项目部王博老师发布）

　　最后预祝广大考生早日斩托成功！

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