2018年6月23日托福阅读词汇题整理-托福考试平台-学为贵

2018年6月23日托福阅读词汇题整理

发布时间：2018/06/13 作者：小贵贵

　　学为贵托福培训（托福培训机构哪个好）项目部提供：2018年6月23日托福阅读词汇题整理。

　　为了更好的帮助广大托福考生早日斩托成功，小贵贵精心整理了2018年6月23日托福阅读词汇题整理，方便广大考生备考使用。

　　6月23日词汇题小范围预测，还是那句话，预测不应该给太大压力，所以只是挑选精华部分。其他月份考试的考生，也可以好好背诵，对你以后考试肯定有用处。

　　The ocean's role in global warming stems principally from its huge capacity to absorb carbon dioxide and to store and transport heat. In the sea, photosynthesis by marine plants and algae, especially phytoplankton, removes great quantities of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.

　　The word “principally” in the passage is closet in meaning to

　　A.obviously

　　B.apparently

　　C.mainly

　　D.originally

　　Some have proposed a radical, highly controversial and uncertain means to counteract global warming—adding iron to the oceans to induce phytoplankton blooms. Perhaps increased phytoplankton growth would use up a significant amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, but perhaps not, and there might well be side effects that could be detrimental to the ocean ecosystem.

　　The word “controversial” in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A.experimental

　　B.fascinating

　　C.producing disagreement

　　D.demonstrating poor judgment

　　Some have proposed a radical, highly controversial and uncertain means to counteract global warming—adding iron to the oceans to induce phytoplankton blooms.

　　The word “induce” in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A.supply nutrients to

　　B.cause the formation of

　　C.expand

　　D.Strengthen

　　The ocean is also a great reservoir and transporter of heat. Heat from the ocean warms the atmosphere and fuels tropical storms.

　　The word “fuels” in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A.provides energy for

　　B.determines the route of

　　C.carries

　　D.breaks up

　　Trading based on book credit gave more value to maintaining equilibrium between local supply and demand and to preserving a cooperative spirit among neighbors than to expanding production beyond the immediate needs of the locality.

　　The word “preserving” in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A.limiting

　　B.revealing

　　C.maintaining

　　D.creating

　　The difference between a merchant mill and a custom mill was one of degree as much as kind. Most merchant mills had started as custom mills, and the colonial and state governments often compelled merchant mills to set aside certain days for custom work.

　　The word “compelled” in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A.required （If a situation, a rule, or a person compels you to do something, they force you to do it.）

　　B.advised

　　C.selected

　　D.helped

　　Of course, few in this age would have welcomed total release from the support and obligations that local trade conferred.

　　The word “obligations” in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A.trust

　　B.safety

　　C.responsibilities

　　D.Advantages

　　The role and power of science, as a way of knowing about the world and as an agency with the potential of changing the world, likewise underwent profound restricting as part of the Scientific Revolution.

　　The word “profound” in the passage is closet in meaning to

　　A.frequent

　　B.intense（You use profound to emphasize that something is very great or intense.）

　　C.challenging

　　D.careful

　　The new medium created a revolution in communications that increased the amount and accuracy of information available and made copying of books by scribes obsolete.

　　The word “obsolete” in the passage is closet in meaning to

　　A.costly

　　B.less frequent

　　C.unappealing

　　D.out of date

　　Similarly, printing disseminated previously obscure handbooks of technical and magical secrets that proved influential in the developing Scientific Revolution.

　　The word “obscure” in the passage is closet in meaning to

　　A.little known（If something or someone is obscure, they are unknown, or are known by only a few people.）

　　B.expensive

　　C.forbidden

　　D.celebrated

　　The answer was always the same: If the DNA （deoxyribonucleic acid） in the extract was destroyed, transforming activity was lost; everything else could be eliminated without removing the transforming ability of the extract. As a final step, Avery, with Colin MacLeod and Maclyn McCarty, isolated virtually pure DNA from a sample of pneumococcal transforming extract and showed that it caused bacterial transformation.

　　The word “virtually” in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A.perfectly

　　B.nearly

　　C.partially

　　D.relatively

　　In retrospect, the work of Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty, published in 1944, was a milestone in establishing that DNA is the genetic material.

　　The phrase “In retrospect” in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A.By general agreement

　　B.In reality

　　C.Looking back

　　D.Practically speaking

　　The ability to initiate movement around one's environment stimulates the development of ,making hidden object tasks easier to solve. Psychology professor Carolyn Rovee-Collier argues that the onset of independent locomotion at around nine months old marks an important transition in memory development.

　　The word onset in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A.achievement

　　B.beginning

　　C.improvement

　　D.practice

　　These examples show that gross motor development has implications beyond the immediately apparent benefits of crawling and walking.

　　The phrase immediately apparent in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A.available

　　B.obvious

　　C.desirable

　　D.useful

　　An infant who reaches for and grasps an object so as to explore it pushes his development forward as he engages in processes such as adapting his grip to the size and shape of the object. Piaget argued that these early processes drive cognitive development in the first two years of an infant's life.

　　The phrase engages in in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A.repeats

　　B.learns about

　　C.performs

　　D.imitates

　　Growing cereals and legumes together is good for the fields, and eating them together is good for the farmers. In order to build and maintain body tissue, people need proteinor more specifically, the amino acids in protein.

　　The word “specifically” in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A.precisely（You use specifically to add something more precise or exact to what you have already said.）

　　B.importantly

　　C.frequently

　　D.likely

　　Cereals and legumes are technically dry fruits （they have a hard dry layer around their seeds）。 Early agriculturalists also experimented with growing succulent fruits like apples, olives, grapes, and melons, but most of these were brought into domestication much later than cereals and legumes, and in most cultures they've always been supplementary foods rather than staples.

　　The word “technically” in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A.more complex than

　　B.generally understood to be

　　C.often confused with

　　D.scientifically classified as（If something is technically the case, it is the case according to a strict interpretation of facts, laws, or rules, but may not be important or relevant in a particular situation.）

　　but most of these were brought into domestication much later than cereals and legumes, and in most cultures they've always been supplementary foods rather than staples.

　　The word “supplementary” in the passage is closest in meaning to

　　A.valued

　　B.rare

　　C.seasonal

　　D.extra

　　The emergence of plant and animal domestication represented a monumental change in the ways that humans interacted with Earth's resources: the rate at which Earth's surface was modified and the rates of human population growth.

　　The word “monumental” in the passage is closet in meaning to

　　A.innovative

　　B.surprising

　　C.complex

　　D.Enormous

　　It seems more likely that humans used and manipulated wild plants and animals for many hundreds of thousands of years. The transition to gardens, fields, and pastures was probably gradual, the natural outgrowth of a long familiarity with the environmental requirements, growth cycles, and reproductive mechanisms of whatever plants and animals humans liked to eat, ride, or wear.

　　The word “manipulated” in the passage is closet in meaning to

　　A.observed

　　B.consumed

　　C.skillfully used（f you say that someone manipulates people, you disapprove of them because they skilfully force or persuade people to do what they want.）

　　D.protected

　　People in such places would have had at least two reasons to pursue cultivation and animal raising; they would have had access to new information, plants, and animals brought in by traders, and they would have had a need for something to trade with the people passing through.

　　The word “pursue” in the passage is closet in meaning to

　　A.practice

　　B.encourage

　　C.prefer

　　D.combine

　　As populations expanded, more resources were put into producing food for subsistence and for trade. Gradually, hunting and gathering technology was abandoned as populations, with their demands for space, destroyed natural habitats.

　　The word “subsistence” in the passage is closet in meaning to

　　A.profit

　　B.surplus

　　C.enjoyment

　　D.survival

　　They were drawn to the alluvial soils （soils deposited by rivers） of the valleys, not only those of the River Jordan, but also those found by the great rivers of the Mesopotamian plain and in the vicinity of lakes and rivers throughout the Middle East.

　　The phrase “drawn to” in the passage is closet in meaning to

　　A.concerned by

　　B.attracted toward

　　C.impressed by

　　D.surrounded by

　　This diminution, carefully documented from air bubbles trapped in Antarctic ice, inhibited their photosynthesis and markedly reduced their yields.

　　The word “inhibited” in the passage is closet in meaning to

　　A.altered

　　B.required

　　C.restricted

　　D.Allowed

　　以上是Bob老师总结的，针对6.23日托福阅读词汇题的小范围预测，之后Bob老师会陆续发布一些易错题整理，请持续关注。另外，这里插播一条广告：

　　Bob老师的托福阅读真题高分班下周就要开课了，直播时间：06月19日 19:00 - 06月24日 21:00；欢迎大家来参加此次课程，高分班将为大家解决如下问题：

　　1.读完段落没有印象，不知如何迅速提取段落中心

　　2.什么是定位？定位方法是什么？是不是所有的题目都定位？当没有定位的时候怎么办，难道需要选项定位这个东东吗？

　　3.修辞目的题变化多端，如何把握本质

　　4.推断题怎么迅速做对

　　5.排除题快速的解法是什么